Short answer: the Apostle Paul is the most likely author (writing with Timothy as co-sender). Evangelical Christians typically hold that Paul composed the Letter to the Philippians (probably from prison, traditionally Rome, ca. A.D. 60–62) and that he either composed or intentionally quoted an early Christian hymn in Philippians 2:5–11 (verses 5–8 are the part you asked about).
Why Paul is seen as the author
– The letter itself names “Paul and Timothy” as senders (Phil. 1:1) and includes many personal touches (travel plans, friends’ names, references to imprisonment) consistent with Paul’s other letters.
– Early church tradition consistently attributes Philippians to Paul.
– The tone, theology, and vocabulary align closely with Paul’s other undisputed epistles, and the letter fits the circumstances in which Paul is known to have written from custody.
What Philippians 2:5–8 says (and why evangelicals care)
– These verses present a striking Christological passage that calls believers to have “the same mindset” as Christ and then describes Christ’s pre-existence, self-emptying, incarnation, humility, and death on the cross. Key evangelical emphases:
– Pre-existence and deity: phrases like “in the form of God” are read as affirming Christ’s divine status before the incarnation.
– Voluntary humility (kenosis): “made himself nothing” (Greek ekenōsen, “he emptied himself”) is understood as Jesus voluntarily laying aside the independent exercise of prerogatives of deity in order to become human — not as a loss of divine nature.
– True humanity and substitutionary death: Jesus “humbled himself” and “became obedient to death, even death on a cross,” which evangelicals see as the heart of his saving work (obedience unto death, substitutionary atonement).
– Vindication and exaltation: 2:9–11 affirms that God exalted Jesus, vindicating his mission and identity.
On whether Paul wrote the lines himself or quoted a hymn
– Many evangelical scholars (alongside others) regard Philippians 2:6–11 as an early Christian hymn or confessional formula that Paul incorporated into his letter. Reasons: a marked shift in style and possibly earlier, liturgical language.
– Even if the verses originated as a pre-Pauline hymn, Paul is the one who transmitted it in this pastoral context and applies it for his theological and ethical aim (unity and humility in the Philippian church).
Pastoral significance (typical evangelical application)
– The passage is a model for Christian humility and unity: believers are to imitate Christ’s self-giving attitude.
– It affirms core doctrines: Christ’s deity, incarnation, atoning death, and subsequent exaltation — foundations for gospel confidence and mission.
Further reading (evangelical-friendly)
– Gordon D. Fee, commentary on Philippians (NICNT) — careful, evangelical, thorough treatment (discusses the hymn).
– F. F. Bruce, Paul: Apostle of the Free Church — helpful background on Pauline letters and context.
– D. A. Carson or Leon Morris commentaries on Philippians or on Christology for accessible evangelical discussion.
– An ESV or NIV study Bible note will give concise evangelical-oriented notes on the passage.
If you want, I can:
– Summarize the Greek terms (e.g., morphē, ekenōsen) and how evangelicals interpret them;
– Outline how different evangelical commentators handle “emptied himself” (kenosis) vs. more liberal readings;
– Provide short sample sermon or application points based on Philippians 2:5–8.