Short answer
– The human author of the Gospel that contains Luke 1:76–78 is traditionally and most-likely Luke the physician (a Gentile companion of Paul). The immediate speaker of the words in Luke 1:76–78 is Zechariah (John the Baptist’s father), who utters this prophetic hymn under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.
Why evangelicals say Luke wrote the Gospel
– Early testimony: church fathers (e.g., Irenaeus) attribute the Gospel to Luke.
– Internal and New Testament links: Paul’s letters mention Luke (Colossians 4:14, Philemon 24, 2 Timothy 4:11); Acts contains “we” passages suggesting a traveling companion who wrote Luke-Acts.
– Literary unity: Luke and Acts form a careful, orderly two-volume work addressed to Theophilus, with consistent style and theology.
– Evangelical scholars who affirm Luke’s authorship include I. Howard Marshall, Darrell Bock, F. F. Bruce, and others.
Who Zechariah was (the speaker)
– Zechariah was a Jewish priest, husband of Elizabeth, and father of John the Baptist. After being struck mute during Elizabeth’s pregnancy, he regains speech and proclaims the Benedictus (Luke 1:68–79), a prophetic hymn. Evangelicals understand Zechariah’s words as prophetic — spoken under the Spirit’s inspiration — foretelling John’s role and the coming salvation in Jesus.
What Luke 1:76–78 says and why it matters (evangelical emphasis)
– Content in brief: Zechariah says his son will be called “Prophet of the Most High,” will prepare the way for the Lord, give knowledge of salvation by forgiveness of sins, and guide people into the path of peace through the dawning of God’s light.
– Theological emphases evangelicals stress:
– Fulfillment of prophecy and continuity with Israel (echoes of Isaiah, Malachi).
– John as the forerunner preparing hearts for Jesus (the Messiah).
– Centrality of salvation by God’s initiative and forgiveness (pointing directly to Christ).
– The role of the Holy Spirit in inspiring prophecy and bringing God’s purposes to pass.
– Christ as the “rising sun” who brings salvation and peace.
Historical reliability and dating (evangelical notes)
– Many evangelicals hold Luke-Acts to be historically reliable because Luke states he investigated eyewitness testimony (Luke 1:1–4) and shows careful historical detail throughout Acts.
– Conservative evangelical datings often place Luke’s writing in the 50s–60s AD (some prefer ca. 60–62), though a wider scholarly range goes into the 70s–80s.
Further reading (evangelical-friendly)
– I. Howard Marshall, The Gospel of Luke (New International Greek Testament Commentary or his Luke commentary).
– Darrell L. Bock, Luke (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament).
– F. F. Bruce, The Acts of the Apostles (for Luke-Acts background).
If you want, I can:
– Quote Luke 1:76–78 in a preferred modern translation, or
– Summarize how evangelicals connect this passage to Old Testament prophecies (Isaiah, Malachi), or
– Give more detail about Luke’s life and his role in Acts.